In 1746, under the leadership of Admiral La Bourdonnais, French forces captured and plundered Madras, the fort and surrounding villages. George and establishing a colony on the site of the future port of Madras. Soon obtaining permission from the regional ruler, Damarla Venkatadri Nayakudu, the British built a warehouse and factory on the site, and in 1640, the British expanded the occupation by building the Fort St. In 1639, the British East India Company bought a three-mile long strip of land lying along the coast between the Cooum delta and the Egmore River encompassing an area of about five square kilometres from the Vijayanagara King Peda Venkata Rayalu. The following years saw the arrival of other Europeans, namely, the Dutch arriving at Pulicat in 1613 and the British arriving in 1639. Thomas, on the site of today's port and the São Tomé church on the grave of Saint Thomas. In 1522, the Portuguese built the São Tomé harbour, named after St. Thomas believed to have preached in the area between 52 and 70 CE. The region also attracted many distant civilisations, with the Christian apostle St. The harbour as viewed from the city in the 1910s The ancient town of Mylapore, known to Roman traders as "Meliapor", was an important port of the Pallavas and is now part of Chennai. Chief among them was the Pallava dynasty, which reigned from the 6th to 9th centuries CE. History Before the 1800s The port around 1870Īlthough the settlement of Madras did not form until after the mid-17th century, the region surrounding the present-day port remained an important center for military, administrative, and economic activities since the 1st century CE under various South Indian dynasties, namely, the Pallava, the Pandya, the Chola and the Vijayanagara empires. It is an ISO 14001:2004 and ISPS-certified port and has become a main line port having direct connectivity to more than 50 ports around the world. As of 2011, the Chennai Port was ranked the 86th largest container port in the world and there were plans to expand the capacity to about 140 million tonnes per annum. In 2008, the port's container traffic crossed 1 million twenty-foot equivalent units (TEUs). From handling a meagre volume of cargo in the early years of its existence, consisting chiefly of imports of oil and motors and the export of groundnuts, granite and ores, the port has started handling more than 60 million tonnes of cargo in recent years. The port has become a hub port for containers, cars and project cargo in the east coast of India. It is due to the existence of the port that the city of Chennai eventually became known as the Gateway of South India. An established port of trade of British India since the 1600s, the port remains a primary reason for the economic growth of Tamil Nadu, especially for the manufacturing boom in South India, and has contributed greatly to the development of the city of Chennai. Once a major travel port, it became a major container port in the post-Independence era. It is an artificial and all-weather port with wet docks. It is the third-oldest port among the 13 major ports of India with official port operations beginning in 1881, although maritime trade started much earlier in 1639 on the undeveloped shore. The port is the largest one in the Bay of Bengal. Major imports: Wheat, raw cotton, machinery, iron & steelĬargoes: 55.75 million tonnes (2008–09) Ĭhennai Port, formerly known as Madras Port, is the second largest container port of India, behind Mumbai's Jawaharlal Nehru Port also known as Nhava Sheva. Major exports: Iron ore, leather, cotton textiles,Automobiles 13☀5′04″N 80☁7′24″E / 13.08441°N 80.2899☎ / 13.08441 80.2899Ĭhennai Port Trust, Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, Government of IndiaĬoastal breakwater, artificial, large seaportĪutomobiles, motorcycles and general industrial cargo including iron ore, granite, coal, fertilizers, petroleum products, and containers
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